We are pleased to announce that version 1.0-pre1 vote thread is open and the release is ready for community feedback.
1.0-pre1 marks the first pre-release of the 1.0 major release. Some years ago, Tomaz Muraus spoke on the podcast FLOSS weekly.
Tomaz spoke about how much of a huge challenge porting the project to Python 3.x would be(!) as well as the 1.0 milestone.
It is worth listening to the podcast to see how far things have come, we now average 2 pull-requests a day and have 156 contributors.
As the project has matured over the last 5 years one of the most remarkable changes has been the adoption from the community and
continued support from our contributors adding new drivers, patching strange API issues and keeping the project alive.
Anthony Shaw will be speaking on the FLOSS weekly podcast on February 2nd and discussing our community and the project, so
please tune in.
The Cloud market as I’m sure you’re all aware of is thriving, the purpose of Libcloud was originally:
- To help prevent lock-in to a particular vendor
- To abstract the complexity of vendor APIs
- To give a simple way for deploying to and managing multiple cloud vendors
Since that we have had (at the last count) 2,118,539 downloads. The project continues to grow in popularity with each new release.
So with the 1.0 major release we would like to announce 2 new driver types, containers and backup.
History of our drivers
The compute (IaaS) API is what libcloud is best known for but there is a range of drivers available for many other capabilities.
There is a presentation on the value of using Libcloud to avoid lock in on SlideShare
This is a history of the different driver types in the libcloud project.
- Compute (v0.1.0)
- Support for nodes, node images, locations, states
- 52 providers including every major cloud provider in the market. Plus local services like Vmware, OpenStack, libvirt
- DNS (v0.6.0)
- Support for zones, records, recordtypes
- 19 providers including CloudFlare, DigitalOcean, DNSimple, GoDaddy, Google DNS, Linode, Rackspace, Amazon R53, Zerigo
- Object Storage (v0.5.0)
- Support for containers and objects
- 11 providers including Amazon S3, Azure Blobs, Google storage, CloudFiles, OpenStack Swift
- Load Balancer (v0.5.0)
- Support for nodes, balancers, listeners and algorithms
- 11 providers including CloudStack, Dimension Data, Amazon ELB, Google GCE LB, SoftLayer LB
- Backup (v0.20.0)
- Support for backup targets, recovery points and jobs
- 3 providers, Dimension Data, Amazon EBS snaps, Google snaps
Introducing Backup Drivers
With 1.0-pre1 we have introduced a new driver type for backup, libcloud.backup
Backup API allows you to manage Backup as A Service and services such as EBS Snaps,
GCE volume snap and dimension data backup.
Terminology
libcloud.backup.base.BackupTarget - Represents a backup target, like a Virtual Machine, a folder or a database.libcloud.backup.base.BackupTargetRecoveryPoint - Represents a copy of the data in the target, a recovery point can be
recovered to a backup target. An inplace restore is where you recover to the same target and an out-of-place restore is where you
recover to another target.libcloud.backup.base.BackupTargetJob - Represents a backup job running on backup target.
Introducing Container-as-a-Service Drivers
The API is for Container-as-a-Service providers, these new types of cloud services offer container management and hosting as a service.
The new services are already providing proprietary APIs, giving the need for a tool like Libcloud if you want to provision to any cloud provider.
Google, Amazon and Joyent have all announced Container cloud services and Microsoft have launched a beta service also, so we are getting on the front foot with an
abstraction API for people wishing to gain similar benefits to the compute, load balancer and storage APIs.
A presentation on this topic is available on SlideShare.
Isn’t docker a standard?
Well, yes and no.
Docker has been the main technology adopted by these providers as the host system for the containers and also as the specification of the containers themselves.
But, Docker is not a provisioning system, it is a virtualization host. Also there are alternatives, like CoreOS Rkt.
Container API design
Container-as-a-Service providers will implement the ContainerDriver class to provide functionality for :
- Listing deployed containers
- Starting, stopping and restarting containers (where supported)
- Destroying containers
- Creating/deploying containers
- Listing container images
- Installing container images (pulling an image from a local copy or remote repository)
Simple Container Support
libcloud.container.base.ContainerImage - Represents an image that can be deployed, like an application or an operating systemlibcloud.container.base.Container - Represents a deployed container image running on a container host
Cluster Suppport
Cluster support extends on the basic driver functions, but where drivers implement the class-level attribute supports_clusters as True
clusters may be listed, created and destroyed. When containers are deployed, the target cluster can be specified.
libcloud.container.base.ContainerCluster - Represents a deployed container image running on a container hostlibcloud.container.base.ClusterLocation - Represents a location for clusters to be deployed
Using the container drivers
The container drivers have been designed around similar principles to the compute driver. It is simple to use and a flat class design.
from libcloud.container.providers import get_driver
from libcloud.container.types import Provider
Cls = get_driver(Provider.DOCKER)
driver = Cls('user', 'api key')
image = driver.install_image('tomcat:8.0')
container = driver.deploy_container('tomcat', image)
container.restart()
Container Registries
The Docker Registry API is used by services like Amazon ECR, the Docker Hub website and by anyone hosting their own Docker registry.
It doesn’t belong to a particular driver, so is a utility class.
Some providers, like Amazon ECR have a factory method to provide a registry client
Images from docker registry can be sent to the deploy_container method for any driver.
from libcloud.container.utils.docker import HubClient
hub = HubClient()
image = hub.get_image('ubuntu', 'latest')
When other container registry services are made available these can be provided in a similar context.
Prototype drivers in libcloud.container
Drivers have been provided to show example implementations of the API, these drivers are experimental and need to go through more thorough community testing
before they are ready for a stable release.
The driver with the most contentious implementation is Kubernetes. We would like users of the Amazon ECS, Google Containers and Kubernetes project to provide feedback
on how they would like to map clusters, pods, namespaces to the low level concepts in the driver.
Providing feedback
The voting thread is open, please use this as your opportunity to give feedback.
Thanks
Thanks to everyone who contributed and made this release possible! Full
list of people who contributed to this release can be found in the
CHANGES file.